I’ve done a short write up about how this works in this post
The tl;dr version
The first 6 or 8 digits of a payment card number cards, debit cards, etc.) are known as the Issuer Identification Numbers (IIN), previously known as Bank Identification Number (BIN). These identify the institution that issued the card to the card holder.
For example, 531903 identifies the card as a MasterCard issued in the United States by the bank, Jack Henry & Associates.
Stixify uses a third-party service (https://binlist.net/) to get issuer and location info which is then processed into STIX objects / STIX relationships.